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The case fatality proportion (or case fatality rate) is widely used to compare health systems because it is easily available and understandable. However, differences in the age distribution of infected populations can bias such comparisons. This study estimates age-standardised COVID-19 infection fatality rates across Indian states and examines whether their relationship with reported case fatality proportions can indicate the effectiveness of public health measures in managing the pandemic.
The health and well-being of affected individuals are important host-related determinants of mortality in the epidemiological triangle model of infectious diseases. From a public health perspective, the age distribution of the population is an often-undercounted surrogate measure of many of these host factors, which can influence the mortality rate of these acute illnesses. Therefore, age standardisation of mortality statistics is used to make most of these territorial health indicators comparable and those comparisons more meaningful.
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